Speeding is a significant contributor to road accidents, and enforcing speed limits is a critical aspect of maintaining road safety. One tool that authorities use to monitor and control speed violations is the average speed camera. This article aims to demystify these devices, explaining their operation, benefits, and potential penalties for violations.
The Rationale Behind Speed Cameras
Speed cameras serve as a deterrent against excessive speed, which is a major cause of road accidents. According to a study by the LSE, accidents decreased by 17% to 39% and fatalities by 58% to 68% between 1992 and 2016 due to speed cameras. With around 7,000 installed across the UK, these devices are instrumental in ensuring safer roads for everyone.
The Evolution of Speed Cameras
The first speed camera, a 'Gatso' model, was installed on the M40 in 1991. These devices capture a vehicle's speed at a specific point, leading to a common loophole: drivers slow down when approaching the camera and speed up again once they've passed. This 'cheating' undermines the purpose of speed cameras, prompting the introduction of a more sophisticated technology: the average speed camera.
Understanding Average Speed Cameras
Average speed cameras, also known as SPECS or Siemens SafeZone cameras, are designed to calculate a vehicle's average speed over a certain distance. Unlike fixed speed cameras that capture your speed at a particular moment, these devices work in pairs, recording the time you pass two separate points and using this information to determine your average speed.
These cameras, therefore, provide a more accurate representation of a vehicle's speed over a prolonged distance, deterring drivers from simply slowing down when they spot a camera and then speeding up again afterwards. In essence, they ensure a smoother and safer flow of traffic.
The Functioning of Average Speed Cameras
Average speed cameras operate using Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) technology. As you pass the first camera, it records your car's registration details along with a timestamp. When you pass the second camera, the system calculates the time taken to travel between the two points, thereby determining your average speed.
The cameras use the basic formula of speed being equal to distance divided by time. To illustrate, if you're travelling on a motorway with a speed limit of 70 mph and pass through an average speed camera system spaced 200 meters apart, it should take you no less than 6 seconds to travel between the two points. If it takes less time, this indicates that you've exceeded the speed limit.
Locating Average Speed Cameras
Average speed cameras are commonly found on fast-moving roads such as motorways and dual carriageways. However, they can theoretically be installed on any road. Temporary average speed cameras may also be set up in areas where roadworks are in progress and the speed limit has been reduced.
These devices, often nicknamed 'yellow vultures', are usually mounted on tall yellow poles beside the road. They bear a resemblance to CCTV cameras and cover multiple lanes of traffic.
The Penalty for Speeding
If you exceed the speed limit, an average speed camera will not give a visual indication like a flash. This is because they use infrared lights to read number plates reliably in low-light conditions.
If caught speeding, the registered vehicle owner will receive a Notice of Intended Prosecution (NIP) within two weeks. The NIP will include the vehicle's registration details, the date and time of the alleged traffic offence, the location of the alleged offence, and the nature of the offence committed by the driver.
The minimum penalty for speeding is typically a £100 fine and three points on your licence. However, depending on the extent of the speed limit violation, you could receive up to six points on your licence, or even face disqualification with fines up to £1,000. In some cases, first-time offenders may be offered a speed awareness course instead of points on their licence.
Tolerance and Leeway
While you can technically be prosecuted for even 1 mph over the legal speed limit, most speed cameras allow for a certain leeway to account for potential inaccuracies in car speedometers. The commonly accepted tolerance is 10% plus 2 mph over the speed limit. For instance, on a 70 mph road, you are unlikely to be penalised unless your speed exceeds 79 mph. However, this is not a hard-and-fast rule, and you can still be issued a speeding ticket for exceeding the speed limit even slightly.
Myths and Misconceptions
Several myths surround the operation of average speed cameras. For instance, some believe that changing lanes frequently can trick the system into miscalculating your speed. However, modern average speed cameras can monitor multiple lanes simultaneously, making such tricks ineffective.
Another misconception is that these cameras operate only during the day. In reality, their infrared capabilities allow them to function effectively both day and night, regardless of lighting conditions.
The Future of Speed Cameras
As technology evolves, speed cameras are expected to become even more sophisticated. Future devices may be able to detect additional offences, such as the use of mobile phones while driving. This advancement will not only lead to more violations being identified but also discourage drivers from committing such offences due to the increased risk of being caught.
In a Nutshell
Average speed cameras play a crucial role in maintaining road safety by discouraging speeding. While they might seem like an inconvenience, they serve a critical purpose: to protect all road users. Remember, speed limits are there for a reason, and adhering to them can save lives.
FAQs
Average speed cameras don't flash, so you won't know you've been caught until you receive a NIP in the post.
Average speed cameras are typically painted bright yellow for better visibility.
While it varies, there is generally a tolerance of 10% plus 2 mph over the speed limit.
By calculating your average speed between two points using ANPR technology.
No, average speed cameras don't take photos of the driver.